1. Who proposed the stored-program computer architecture widely used in modern computers?
A) Charles Babbage
B) John von Neumann
C) Blaise Pascal
D) Tim Berners-Lee
2. The first generation of computers primarily used:
A) Vacuum tubes
B) Transistors
C) Integrated circuits
D) Microprocessors
3. Which unit performs arithmetic and logical operations in a computer?
A) Control Unit
B) Memory Unit
C) Input Unit
D) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
4. In Von Neumann Architecture, instructions and data are stored in:
A) Separate processors
B) Different disks
C) The same memory
D) Different networks
5. Which of the following is volatile memory?
A) RAM
B) ROM
C) DVD
D) SSD
6. Which memory retains its contents even after the computer is switched off?
A) Cache Memory
B) ROM
C) RAM
D) Registers
7. Which memory is the fastest in the memory hierarchy?
A) Hard Disk
B) RAM
C) Cache
D) CPU Registers
8. Which of the following is an example of an input device?
A) Printer
B) Speaker
C) Scanner
D) Plotter
9. Microsoft Windows is classified as:
A) System software
B) Utility hardware
C) Programming language
D) Database
10. Which of the following is application software?
A) Linux
B) Microsoft Word
C) BIOS
D) Device Driver
11. Software engineering mainly focuses on:
A) Manufacturing CPUs
B) Building keyboards
C) Designing monitors
D) Developing and maintaining software systematically
12. Which generation of computers introduced microprocessors?
A) First Generation
B) Second Generation
C) Fourth Generation
D) Third Generation
13. Data communication is the process of:
A) Exchanging data between devices
B) Formatting a hard disk
C) Compiling a program
D) Installing software
14. Which transmission medium uses light to send data?
A) Twisted Pair Cable
B) Optical Fiber Cable
C) Coaxial Cable
D) Copper Wire
15. Which component coordinates all activities of the computer system?
A) ALU
B) Cache Memory
C) Control Unit
D) Hard Disk
16. Which of the following is secondary storage?
A) Register
B) Cache
C) RAM
D) Hard Disk Drive
17. The main advantage of cache memory is that it:
A) Speeds up CPU performance
B) Stores data permanently
C) Replaces RAM completely
D) Connects computers to the Internet
18. Which of the following is firmware?
A) Microsoft Excel
B) BIOS
C) Google Chrome
D) Adobe Photoshop
19. The memory hierarchy is designed to:
A) Increase monitor size
B) Reduce internet speed
C) Replace the CPU
D) Balance speed, cost, and storage capacity
20. Which of the following is an example of primary memory?
A) RAM
B) DVD
C) USB Flash Drive
D) Hard Disk
21. The fetch-decode-execute cycle is performed by the:
A) Printer
B) Scanner
C) CPU
D) Monitor
22. Which generation of computers mainly used transistors?
A) First Generation
B) Second Generation
C) Third Generation
D) Fourth Generation
23. Which of the following is an output device?
A) Plotter
B) Microphone
C) Webcam
D) Keyboard
24. One byte consists of:
A) 2 bits
B) 4 bits
C) 16 bits
D) 8 bits
25. A compiler is a type of:
A) Hardware
B) Input device
C) System software
D) Storage device
26. Which communication mode allows data to travel in both directions simultaneously?
A) Simplex
B) Full Duplex
C) Half Duplex
D) Broadcast
27. Cache memory is mainly used to:
A) Reduce data access time
B) Store movies permanently
C) Replace ROM
D) Connect to the Internet
28. Which of the following is NOT application software?
A) PowerPoint
B) MS Word
C) VLC Media Player
D) Linux Operating System
29. The device that sends data in a communication system is called the:
A) Receiver
B) Channel
C) Sender
D) Protocol
30. Which storage device generally provides faster access than a traditional HDD?
A) SSD
B) Magnetic Tape
C) CD-ROM
D) Floppy Disk
31. Which stage of software engineering checks for errors before release?
A) Marketing
B) Testing
C) Networking
D) Printing
32. Which of the following is part of the CPU?
A) Mouse
B) Speaker
C) Printer
D) Control Unit
33. Optical fiber is preferred because it:
A) Uses electricity only
B) Is affected by electromagnetic interference
C) Provides high-speed data transmission with low interference
D) Stores data permanently
34. Hardware refers to:
A) The physical components of a computer
B) Programs and applications only
C) Internet services
D) Programming languages
35. Which of the following is an example of utility software?
A) MS PowerPoint
B) Antivirus Program
C) Google Docs
D) Paint
36. The collection of physical parts of a computer is called:
A) Firmware
B) Shareware
C) Software
D) Hardware
37. Which memory is directly accessed by the CPU while running programs?
A) RAM
B) DVD
C) Blu-ray Disc
D) USB Drive
38. Which component is responsible for temporary storage of data and instructions?
A) ROM
B) Hard Disk
C) RAM
D) Optical Disc
39. A modem is mainly used for:
A) Printing documents
B) Communication over networks
C) Editing images
D) Scanning papers
40. Which generation of computers is associated with Artificial Intelligence research?
A) Fifth Generation
B) First Generation
C) Second Generation
D) Third Generation
41. Which communication mode allows data flow in both directions but not at the same time?
A) Full Duplex
B) Simplex
C) Broadcast
D) Half Duplex
42. The ALU is mainly responsible for:
A) Displaying graphics
B) Storing files
C) Arithmetic and logical operations
D) Managing printers
43. Which storage device is best suited for long-term data storage?
A) Cache Memory
B) Hard Disk Drive
C) CPU Register
D) RAM
44. Which of the following is NOT part of the Von Neumann architecture?
A) Memory Unit
B) Control Unit
C) ALU
D) Touch Screen
45. The process of creating, testing, and maintaining software is known as:
A) Software Engineering
B) Data Entry
C) Networking
D) Web Hosting
46. Which type of cable is commonly used in high-speed internet backbone networks?
A) Twisted Pair
B) Coaxial Cable
C) Optical Fiber
D) Ribbon Cable
47. Which of the following is an example of system software?
A) Adobe Reader
B) Ubuntu Linux
C) Microsoft Excel
D) VLC Player
48. Which unit interprets program instructions before execution?
A) Control Unit
B) Speaker
C) Mouse
D) Scanner
49. Which of the following best describes data communication?
A) Editing digital photographs
B) Installing an operating system
C) Upgrading RAM modules
D) Exchanging data between two or more devices through a transmission medium
50. The primary objective of a computer system is to:
A) Manufacture electronic devices
B) Replace human intelligence completely
C) Accept, process, store, and produce meaningful information
D) Provide internet access only