Class 10 Biology Chapter 15 MCQs – Inheritance (FBISE)

Description: Practice Class 10 Biology Chapter 15 MCQs on Inheritance. These important FBISE Biology MCQs include conceptual, knowledge-based, and exam-oriented questions for board preparation.

1. The transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring is called:

A) Evolution
B) Inheritance
C) Respiration
D) Adaptation

2. The scientist known as the Father of Genetics is:

A) Darwin
B) Pasteur
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Lamarck

3. The basic unit of inheritance is called:

A) Gene
B) Chromosome
C) Nucleus
D) Allele

4. Genes are located on:

A) Ribosomes
B) Cytoplasm
C) Cell membrane
D) Chromosomes

5. The observable appearance of an organism is called:

A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Allele
D) Mutation

6. Different forms of the same gene are called:

A) Alleles
B) Traits
C) Chromatids
D) Tissues

7. Which trait appears in the presence of another trait?

A) Recessive trait
B) Hybrid trait
C) Dominant trait
D) Hidden trait

8. Mendel conducted his experiments on:

A) Wheat plants
B) Pea plants
C) Maize plants
D) Cotton plants

9. A trait that remains hidden in F1 generation is called:

A) Dominant trait
B) Hybrid trait
C) Phenotype
D) Recessive trait

10. The genetic makeup of an organism is called:

A) Genotype
B) Phenotype
C) Character
D) Trait

11. Which blood group is called universal donor?

A) AB
B) A
C) O
D) B

12. The law stating that allele pairs separate during gamete formation is:

A) Law of dominance
B) Law of segregation
C) Law of inheritance
D) Law of variation

13. A cross involving one pair of contrasting characters is called:

A) Monohybrid cross
B) Dihybrid cross
C) Test cross
D) Back cross

14. Which blood group is called universal recipient?

A) O
B) A
C) B
D) AB

15. The sudden change in genetic material is called:

A) Evolution
B) Mutation
C) Fertilization
D) Adaptation

16. Human body cells normally contain how many chromosomes?

A) 23
B) 44
C) 46
D) 48

17. Which chromosome pair determines sex in humans?

A) Sex chromosomes
B) Autosomes
C) Homologous chromosomes
D) Chromatids

18. The physical expression of genes is known as:

A) Genotype
B) Mutation
C) Allele
D) Phenotype

19. Which blood group contains both A and B antigens?

A) O
B) AB
C) A
D) B

20. The pair of genes controlling the same trait are called:

A) Alleles
B) Chromatids
C) Nucleotides
D) Proteins

21. A person with genotype Tt is called:

A) Homozygous dominant
B) Homozygous recessive
C) Heterozygous
D) Pure breed

22. Which blood group has no antigen on red blood cells?

A) AB
B) O
C) A
D) B

23. Mendel’s law of independent assortment applies to:

A) Monohybrid crosses only
B) Sex-linked traits
C) Blood groups only
D) Dihybrid crosses

24. Which structure carries hereditary information?

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Ribosome
D) Cytoplasm

25. Which genotype represents homozygous dominant condition?

A) Tt
B) tt
C) TT
D) TtT

26. Which blood group contains anti-A antibodies?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) None

27. A mutation occurring in body cells is called:

A) Germinal mutation
B) Chromosomal mutation
C) Genetic variation
D) Somatic mutation

28. Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Lamarck
D) Watson

29. Which trait is expressed only in homozygous condition?

A) Dominant trait
B) Hybrid trait
C) Recessive trait
D) Codominant trait

30. The chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are called:

A) Alleles
B) Autosomes
C) Chromatids
D) Genes

31. In humans, females have which sex chromosomes?

A) XY
B) XO
C) YY
D) XX

32. Which blood group contains anti-B antibodies?

A) A
B) AB
C) B
D) None

33. Which branch of biology deals with heredity and variation?

A) Ecology
B) Taxonomy
C) Genetics
D) Anatomy

34. Which blood group can donate blood to all other groups?

A) AB
B) O
C) A
D) B

35. In humans, males have which sex chromosomes?

A) XY
B) XX
C) XO
D) YY

36. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes occurs during:

A) Mitosis
B) Fertilization
C) Binary fission
D) Crossing over

37. Which blood group is known as universal recipient?

A) O
B) AB
C) A
D) B

38. Which condition results when both alleles are identical?

A) Heterozygous
B) Hybrid
C) Homozygous
D) Dominant

39. Which process introduces variation in offspring?

A) Sexual reproduction
B) Binary fission
C) Budding
D) Vegetative propagation

40. The outward appearance of a trait depends on:

A) Environment only
B) Genes only
C) Mutation only
D) Genotype and environment

41. Which scientist rediscovered Mendel’s work?

A) Darwin
B) De Vries
C) Lamarck
D) Aristotle

42. Which blood group contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

A) AB
B) A
C) O
D) B

43. Which structure contains DNA in the cell?

A) Chromosome
B) Ribosome
C) Vacuole
D) Cell wall

44. Which process produces gametes with half chromosome number?

A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Binary fission
D) Budding

45. Which trait is usually represented by capital letter in genetics?

A) Recessive trait
B) Hidden trait
C) Mutated trait
D) Dominant trait

46. Which blood group has no antibodies in plasma?

A) AB
B) O
C) A
D) B

47. The offspring produced from parents with different traits are called:

A) Pure breeds
B) Clones
C) Hybrids
D) Mutants

48. Which mutation can be inherited by offspring?

A) Somatic mutation
B) Germinal mutation
C) Body cell mutation
D) Artificial mutation

49. The study of human family history for inherited traits is called:

A) Pedigree analysis
B) Hybridization
C) Mutation study
D) Cytology

50. Inheritance helps in:

A) Digestion of food
B) Removal of wastes
C) Production of energy
D) Transfer of traits to offspring

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