Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 15 MCQs – Environmental Chemistry II: Water (FBISE)

Description: Practice Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 15 MCQs on Environmental Chemistry II: Water. These important objective questions are based on FBISE exam pattern and include water pollution, hardness of water, purification, and treatment methods.

1. Water covering most of Earth’s surface is:

A) Salt water
B) Fresh water
C) Distilled water
D) Underground water

2. Hard water does not easily form lather with:

A) Acid
B) Soap
C) Salt
D) Sugar

3. Temporary hardness of water is caused by:

A) Chlorides
B) Sulfates
C) Bicarbonates
D) Nitrates

4. Permanent hardness is mainly due to:

A) Carbonates
B) Bicarbonates
C) Hydroxides
D) Sulfates and chlorides

5. Which process removes temporary hardness?

A) Boiling
B) Filtration
C) Distillation
D) Sublimation

6. Water pollution mainly affects:

A) Atmosphere
B) Aquatic life
C) Rocks
D) Soil only

7. The chemical formula of water is:

A) CO_2
B) H_2SO_4
C) H_2O
D) NaCl

8. Which chemical is commonly used for water purification?

A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Helium
D) Chlorine

9. Distilled water is:

A) Pure water
B) Hard water
C) Polluted water
D) Sea water

10. The process of removing impurities by passing water through filters is:

A) Distillation
B) Filtration
C) Sublimation
D) Crystallization

11. Which salt causes permanent hardness?

A) Calcium bicarbonate
B) Magnesium bicarbonate
C) Calcium sulfate
D) Sodium chloride

12. The universal solvent is:

A) Alcohol
B) Benzene
C) Ether
D) Water

13. Water-borne diseases include:

A) Cholera
B) Tuberculosis
C) Influenza
D) Asthma

14. Which method is used to obtain pure water in laboratories?

A) Filtration
B) Distillation
C) Sedimentation
D) Decantation

15. Which gas dissolved in water forms carbonic acid?

A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydrogen

16. Soft water readily forms lather with:

A) Soap
B) Oil
C) Sand
D) Salt

17. Which process kills germs in water?

A) Filtration
B) Sedimentation
C) Evaporation
D) Chlorination

18. The hardness caused by bicarbonates is called:

A) Permanent hardness
B) Temporary hardness
C) Metallic hardness
D) Chemical hardness

19. Which ion is mainly responsible for hardness of water?

A) Calcium ion
B) Sodium ion
C) Chloride ion
D) Nitrate ion

20. Which process removes dissolved salts from water?

A) Filtration
B) Sedimentation
C) Decantation
D) Distillation

21. Which substance is added to soften permanent hard water?

A) Sugar
B) Soap
C) Washing soda
D) Sand

22. The unpleasant smell and color of polluted water are due to:

A) Impurities
B) Oxygen
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen

23. Which water is suitable for drinking?

A) Polluted water
B) Potable water
C) Sea water
D) Waste water

24. Which process allows heavy particles to settle at bottom?

A) Filtration
B) Distillation
C) Chlorination
D) Sedimentation

25. Which disease spreads through contaminated water?

A) Malaria
B) Dengue
C) Typhoid
D) Asthma

26. Sea water contains large amount of:

A) Dissolved salts
B) Sugar
C) Proteins
D) Oils

27. Which process is used in water treatment plants?

A) Filtration
B) Chlorination
C) Sedimentation
D) All of these

28. Temporary hardness can be removed by:

A) Freezing
B) Boiling
C) Cooling
D) Heating slightly

29. Water pollution can decrease the amount of dissolved:

A) Nitrogen
B) Hydrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Helium

30. Which type of water is free from dissolved salts?

A) Distilled water
B) Sea water
C) Hard water
D) Mineral water

31. The process of removing large suspended particles is:

A) Distillation
B) Chlorination
C) Sublimation
D) Sedimentation

32. Which chemical is commonly used in bleaching powder?

A) Sodium
B) Chlorine
C) Potassium
D) Magnesium

33. Which source provides underground water?

A) Wells
B) Oceans
C) Rivers only
D) Clouds

34. Which process separates water from dissolved salts by evaporation and condensation?

A) Filtration
B) Sedimentation
C) Distillation
D) Decantation

35. Water pollution is mainly caused by:

A) Industrial waste
B) Oxygen
C) Sunlight
D) Fresh air

36. Which ion causes temporary hardness?

A) Sulfate ion
B) Chloride ion
C) Nitrate ion
D) Bicarbonate ion

37. Which process removes bacteria from water?

A) Sedimentation
B) Chlorination
C) Filtration only
D) Distillation only

38. Which property makes water useful as solvent?

A) Polarity
B) Color
C) Odor
D) Taste

39. Which water source contains maximum dissolved salts?

A) Rain water
B) River water
C) Sea water
D) Distilled water

40. Which disease may occur due to drinking polluted water?

A) Cholera
B) Typhoid
C) Dysentery
D) All of these

41. Rain water is naturally:

A) Hard
B) Soft
C) Salty
D) Polluted

42. Which method is commonly used to soften permanent hard water?

A) Adding washing soda
B) Boiling
C) Cooling
D) Filtration

43. Which process separates insoluble impurities from water?

A) Distillation
B) Evaporation
C) Filtration
D) Sublimation

44. Which type of water is best for car batteries?

A) Hard water
B) Distilled water
C) Sea water
D) Mineral water

45. Water treatment plants mainly supply:

A) Safe drinking water
B) Sea water
C) Distilled water
D) Industrial acids

46. Which process removes dissolved gases from water?

A) Filtration
B) Sedimentation
C) Decantation
D) Boiling

47. Which water source is least polluted naturally?

A) River water
B) Pond water
C) Rain water
D) Sea water

48. The removal of temporary hardness produces:

A) Hard water
B) Soft water
C) Polluted water
D) Sea water

49. Which substance is commonly used to disinfect water in swimming pools?

A) Chlorine
B) Nitrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen

50. Environmental chemistry of water mainly deals with:

A) Water purification
B) Water pollution
C) Water conservation
D) All of these

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