Description: Practice 50 exam-oriented MCQs from Class 12 Biology Chapter 19 – Chromosomes and DNA, covering chromosome organization, DNA structure, replication, genes, RNA, transcription, translation, and genetic information.
1. A chromosome is mainly composed of DNA and
2. The basic unit of chromosome organization is the
3. DNA is associated with proteins called
4. A nucleosome consists of DNA wrapped around a core of
5. The region of a chromosome that joins sister chromatids is the
6. The ends of chromosomes are protected by
7. The complete set of chromosomes of an organism is represented by its
8. Human somatic cells normally contain
9. Human gametes normally contain
10. Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called
11. DNA stands for
12. The sugar present in DNA is
13. The sugar present in RNA is
14. A nucleotide contains a sugar, phosphate group and a
15. The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine and
16. In RNA, thymine is replaced by
17. Adenine pairs with thymine in
18. Guanine pairs with
19. The two strands of DNA are held together mainly by
20. DNA has a characteristic
21. The DNA strands in a double helix are
22. The backbone of a DNA strand consists of alternating
23. A gene is a segment of DNA that contains information for a
24. The process by which DNA makes an identical copy of itself is
25. DNA replication is described as
26. The enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix is
27. DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the
28. Short DNA segments formed on the lagging strand are called
29. DNA ligase joins
30. The strand synthesized continuously during DNA replication is the
31. The strand synthesized discontinuously is the
32. The enzyme that synthesizes RNA using DNA as a template is
33. The process of forming RNA from a DNA template is
34. The main RNA molecule carrying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes is
35. The RNA molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome is
36. The RNA that forms an important structural and catalytic part of ribosomes is
37. A three-base sequence on mRNA is called a
38. A three-base sequence on tRNA that pairs with an mRNA codon is an
39. The usual start codon on mRNA is
40. Translation occurs at the
41. Translation is the process of making a
42. Amino acids in a polypeptide are joined by
43. A mutation is a change in the
44. A mutation involving a change in a single nucleotide pair may be a
45. The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein is commonly called the
46. A promoter is a DNA region involved in
47. Introns are sequences that are generally
48. Exons are sequences that are generally
49. The genetic code is described as degenerate because
50. Stop codons signal
Explore More
Class 12 Biology Chapters
- Chapter 16 – Reproduction MCQs
- Chapter 17 – Support and Movement MCQs
- Chapter 18 – Coordination and Control MCQs
- Chapter 19 – Chromosomes and DNA MCQs
- Chapter 20 – Cell Cycle MCQs
- Chapter 21 – Genetics MCQs
- Chapter 22 – Evolution MCQs
- Chapter 23 – Ecosystem MCQs
- Chapter 24 – Man and His Environment MCQs
- Chapter 25 – Biotechnology MCQs
- Chapter 26 – Pharmacology MCQs
Syllabus and SLO Alignment
Syllabus: This chapter covers chromosome organization, DNA structure, DNA replication, genes, RNA, transcription, translation, and genetic information as prescribed for FBISE Grade 12 Biology.
SLO Alignment: These MCQs are designed to assess the relevant FBISE Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) through knowledge, understanding, and application of the concepts covered in this chapter.